Ubushakashatsi: Ndetse n’inzoga nke zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri
Ubushakashatsi bushya bwagaragaje ko kunywa inzoga buri munsi, nubwo yaba ari nke, bishobora kugira uruhare mu kongera ibyago byo kurwara no guhitanwa na kanseri zitandukanye.
Abashakashatsi bagaragaza ko inzoga zifitanye isano n’indwara za kanseri zirimo iy’ibere, iy’umwijima, iy’amara manini, iy’igifu, iy’impindura, iy’umuhogo, iy’akanwa ndetse na kanseri zimwe na zimwe zibasira umutwe n’ijosi.
Dr Chinmay Jani, umwe mu bakoze ubu bushakashatsi akaba n’inzobere mu kuvura indwara z’amaraso na kanseri muri Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center ya Kaminuza ya Miami, yavuze ko nubwo muri rusange impfu ziterwa na kanseri zagabanutse, uruhare rw’inzoga mu mpfu ziterwa n’iyi ndwara rwagiye rwiyongera.
Yavuze ko mu myaka 33 ubushakashatsi bwibanzeho, kuva mu 1990 kugeza mu 2023, umugabane w’impfu za kanseri zifitanye isano n’inzoga wiyongereye cyane mu bantu bafite imyaka 20 kuzamura.
Ubushakashatsi kandi bwerekanye ko kanseri y’umwijima ari imwe mu zigaragaza cyane isano n’inzoga, cyane cyane mu bagabo bakuze.
Mu bagabo bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 20 na 54, kanseri y’amara manini ni yo yagaragaje umubare munini w’impfu zifitanye isano n’inzoga. Ku bagore bo muri icyo cyiciro, iza ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma ya kanseri y’ibere.
Abashakashatsi bashimangira ko ikibazo atari ukunywa inzoga nyinshi gusa. Ndetse n’umubare muto w’inzoga unyobwa buri munsi ushobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara zimwe muri kanseri.
Dr Andrew Freeman, inzobere mu ndwara z’umutima, yavuze ko ibitekerezo by’uko ikirahure kimwe cy’inzoga buri mugoroba kidashobora guteza ikibazo bikomeje kuvugururwa n’ibimenyetso bya siyansi.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi kuri Kanseri (NCI) gisobanura ko inzoga zishobora kugira uruhare mu gutuma kanseri ikura binyuze mu nzira zitandukanye z’umubiri.
Iyo umuntu anyoye inzoga, ethanol iba irimo ishobora guhinduka acetaldehyde, ikinyabutabire gishobora kwangiza ADN. Iyo ADN yangiritse kandi umubiri ukabura ubushobozi bwo kuyisana neza, bishobora kugira uruhare mu mikurire y’uturemangingo tudakurikiza imikorere isanzwe.
Inzoga kandi zishobora guhindura imisemburo imwe n’imwe, zirimo estrogen, ndetse zikagira uruhare mu gutera ububyimbirwe no kwangiza uturemangingo two mu kanwa no mu muhogo.
Ibi byago bishobora kurushaho kwiyongera iyo umuntu anywa inzoga kandi ananywa itabi, kuko ibyo bikorwa byombi bishobora gukorana mu kongera ibyago bya kanseri zimwe na zimwe.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwatangajwe mu kinyamakuru The Lancet Regional Health–Americas, bukaba bwarasesenguye imibare yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yakusanyijwe mu gihe kirenga imyaka 30.
Imibare yerekana ko impfu z’umwaka zaterwaga na kanseri zifitanye isano n’inzoga zazamutse cyane, ziva ku 11,361 mu 1990 zigera ku 23,126 mu 2023.
Abagabo ndetse n’abantu bafite imyaka 55 kuzamura ni bo bagaragaje umubare munini w’impfu zifitanye isano n’inzoga. Mu bagabo bakuze, igipimo cy’impfu ziterwa n’izi kanseri cyazamutseho hafi 24% muri icyo gihe.
Mu bagabo, kanseri y’umwijima ni yo yari ku isonga mu mpfu zifitanye isano n’inzoga, igakurikirwa na kanseri y’umuhogo n’iy’amara manini.
Ku bagore bafite imyaka 55 kuzamura, kanseri y’ibere ni yo yagaragaje impfu nyinshi, ikurikirwa na kanseri y’umwijima n’iy’amara manini.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ubu bushakashatsi bukwiye gufasha abantu gusobanukirwa neza isano iri hagati y’inzoga na kanseri, cyane cyane ko ibyago bishobora kubaho n’iyo umuntu atanywa inzoga nyinshi.
